Tongan Eastern Polynesian Malayo Austronesian Natural Languages Linguistics
Tongan Eastern Polynesian Malayo Austronesian Natural Languages Linguistics
Tongan
Tongan, also known as Tonga, is an Eastern Malayo-Polynesian member of the Austronesian language family spoken by approximately 98% of the people of Tonga with smaller but significant populations in American Samoa, Fiji, New Zealand, the United States and Vanuatu.
The language is closely related to Niuean.
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See Also:
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- Paper by Michael Dukes of the University of Canterbury and Stanford University examining 'second position' or 'Wackernagel' elements and their functional properties in Tongan.
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- Research on how a Proto-Central Pacific evolved from an ergative actancy system into modern Fijian which has an accusative one. Comparison is made with Tongan which retains an ergative system.
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- A review of open issues in the grammar on Tongan in light of recent developments in grammatical theory and the analysis of Western-Malayo-Polynesian languages.
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- Brief list of basic phrases and words for expressing time.
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- This site is primarily in Tongan.
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- Tongan language lessons with many example sentences, very basic grammar and conjugation.
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