Catholic Encyclopedia Reference Catholicism Denominations

English Franciscan and schoolman, b. at Faversham, Kent; d. at Anagni, Italy, in 1243, according to the most probable opinion; Wadding gives 1244.

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Heraldry, Ecclesiastical - Information on heraldry as it is used in catholic encyclopedia and h by the Catholic Church.
Hebrew Bible - As compared with the Latin Vulgate, the Hebrew Bible includes catholic encyclopedia the entire Old Testament with the exception of the seven catholic encyclopedia deuterocanonical books, Tobias, Judith, Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, Baruch, I and II catholic encyclopedia Machabees, and the deuterocanonical portions of Esther
Hood - A flexible, conical, brimless head-dress, covering the entire reference head, except the face.
Hephæstus - A titular see of Augustamnica Prima, mentioned by reference Hierocles (Synecd., catholic encyclopedia 727, 9), by George of Cyprus, reference and by certain rare catholic encyclopedia documents, as among the reference thirteen towns of that province.
Holy Name, Feast of the - Formerly the second Sunday after Epiphany, no longer on the h Roman Calendar. Article\\'s value is mostly historical. Mentions some of h the more beautiful hymns addressed to Jesus.
Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem - The most important of all the military orders, catholic encyclopedia both catholic encyclopedia for the extent of its area and catholic encyclopedia for its catholic encyclopedia duration.
Hirena - Titular see of Tunis.
Harney - William Selby Harney, soldier, convert; b. near Haysboro, catholic encyclopedia Tennessee, reference U.S.A., 27 August, 1800; d. at St. catholic encyclopedia Louis, Missouri, reference 9 May, 1889. John Milton Harney, catholic encyclopedia brother of foregoing, reference b. in Delaware, 9 March, catholic encyclopedia 1789; d. at Somerset, reference Kentucky, 15 January, 1825.
Heinrich von Laufenberg - A German poet of the fifteenth century, d. h at Strasburg catholic encyclopedia in 1460; he was a priest h in Freiburg (Breisgau), and catholic encyclopedia later dean of the h cathedral.
Henry III - German king and Holy Roman Emperor. (1017-1056)
Hermits - Also called anchorites, men who fled the society catholic encyclopedia of their fellow-men to dwell alone in retirement.
Hungarian Literature - History from the pre-Reformation period to the modern reference period.
Houbigant, Charles François - Oratorian, one of the ablest Biblical scholars of h his time. reference Born in Paris, 1686; died there h 31 October, 1783.
Henrion, Mathieu-Richard-Auguste - Baron, French magistrate, historian, and journalist; b. at Metz, 19 June, 1805; d. at Aix, September, 1862.
Hypnotism - The nervous sleep, induced by artificial and external h means, which reference has been made the subject of h experiment and methodical study reference by men of science, h physicians or physiologists.
Huet, Pierre-Daniel - A distinguished savant and celebrated French bishop; born catholic encyclopedia 8 reference February, 1630, at Caen (Normandy), where his catholic encyclopedia father, a reference convert from Calvinism, was sheriff; died catholic encyclopedia at Paris, 26 reference January, 1721.
Honorius, Saint - Archbishop of Canterbury, d. 653.
Hamatha - A titular see of Syria Secunda, suffragan of reference Apamea.
Hermann of Salza - Fourth Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, descendant of the noble Thuringian house of Salza; b. 1180 at Langensalza in Thuringia; d. 19 March, 1239, at Barletta in Southern Italy.
Honorius I, Pope - Reigned 625-638.
Hardee, William J. - Soldier, convert, b. at Savannah, Georgia, U.S.A., 1817, catholic encyclopedia d. reference at Wytheville, Virginia, 6 Nov., 1873.
Hilarus, Pope Saint - As an archdeacon, he had acted as one of Pope St. Leo the Great\\'s legates at the "Robber Synod." Biographical article.
Hettinger, Franz - A Catholic theologian; born 13 January, 1819, at catholic encyclopedia Aschaffenburg; catholic encyclopedia died 26 January, 1890, at Würzburg.
Heeswijk - A village in the diocese of Hertogenbosch (Bois-le-Duc), catholic encyclopedia Holland, h in which the dispersed religious of the catholic encyclopedia confiscated Norbertine h Abbey of Berne created a new catholic encyclopedia abbey and college.
Hermas - First or second century, author of the book called "The catholic encyclopedia Shepherd" (Poimen, Pastor), a work which had great authority in catholic encyclopedia ancient times and was ranked with Holy Scripture.
Hebrides, New - Vicariate Apostolic of New Hebrides; in Oceania.
Hardyng, John - An English chronicler; b. 1378; d. about 1460.
Holy Child Jesus, Society of the - Founded in England in 1840 by Mrs. Cornelia Connelly, née catholic encyclopedia Peacock, a native of Philadelphia, U.S.A., who had become a catholic encyclopedia convert to the Catholic Faith in 1835.
Hormisdas, Pope Saint - Died 523. The father of Pope Silverius.
Hell - Hell (infernus) in theological usage is a place catholic encyclopedia of h punishment after death.
Hyssop - A plant which is referred to in a h few passages h of Holy Writ, and which cannot h be identified with certainty h at the present day.
Heiligenkreuz - An existing Cistercian monastery in the Wienerwald, eight miles north-west reference of Baden in Lower Austria.
Hurter - Several members of this family detailed.
Healy, George Peter Alexander - An American portrait and historical painter, b. at Boston, 15 reference July, 1808; d. at Chicago, 14 June 1894.
Hartford - Diocese of Hartford, established by Gregory XVI, 18 Sept., 1843.
Hypocrisy - The pretension to qualities which one does not possess, or, more cognately to the scope of this article, the putting forward of a false appearance of virtue or religion.
Haymo of Faversham - English Franciscan and schoolman, b. at Faversham, Kent; catholic encyclopedia d. catholic encyclopedia at Anagni, Italy, in 1243, according to catholic encyclopedia the most catholic encyclopedia probable opinion; Wadding gives 1244.
Holyrood Abbey - Located in Edinburgh, Scotland; founded in 1128 by King David I for the Canons Regular of St. Augustine, probably brought from St. Andrews.
Hagiography - The name given to that branch of learning which has reference the saints and their worship for its object.
Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst, Alexander Leopold - A titular Bishop of Sardica, famous for his catholic encyclopedia many catholic encyclopedia supposedly miraculous cures. (1794-1849)
Hohenburg - A suppressed nunnery, situated on the Odilienberg, the most famous of the Vosges mountains in Alsace.
Hermann Joseph, Saint - Biographical article on this German Premonstratensian mystic, who died in catholic encyclopedia 1241.
Hartmann, Georg - Mechanician and physicist; b. at Eckoltsheim, Bavaria, 9 catholic encyclopedia Feb. 1489; d. at Nuremberg, 9 April, 1564.
Hospital Sisters of the Mercy of Jesus - These sisters are established in religion under the Rule of catholic encyclopedia St. Augustine (q. v.), the institute being dependent on the catholic encyclopedia pope represented by the bishop.
Heart of Mary, Devotion to the Immaculate - Description of this devotion, along with its history.
Henry II - Biographical article that focuses on the King of catholic encyclopedia England\\'s catholic encyclopedia constitutional and legal reforms, and his conflict catholic encyclopedia with Thomas catholic encyclopedia Becket.
Hassard, John Rose Greene - An editor, historian; b. in New York, U.S.A., 4 September, 1836; d. in that city, 18 April, 1888.
Hermes, George - Joseph Schulte's treatment of this German religious thinker.
Henry Suso, Blessed - Biography of this German Dominican mystic, d. 1366.
Hauteserre - Antoine Dadin d\\'Hauteserre, born 1602, died 1682; a h distinguished French reference historian and canonist, dean of the h faculty of law at reference the University of Toulouse. h Flavius Hauteserre, younger brother of the reference above, died h about 1670; professor of law at Poitiers.
Hohenbaum van der Meer, Moritz - A Benedictine historian; born at Spörl near Belgrade, h 25 June, reference 1718; died at the monastery of h Rheinau, near Schaffhausen in reference Switzerland, 18 December, 1795.
Homily - Etymology, early development. Also a summary of four reference ways of preaching on Scripture.
Hardouin, Jean - Jesuit, and historian; b. at Quimper, Brittany, 23 Dec., 1646, h son of a bookseller of that town; d. at Paris, h 3 Sept., 1729.
Hilarius of Sexten - Moral theologian. (1839-1900)
Hecker, Isaac Thomas - Missionary, author, founder of the Paulists; b. in catholic encyclopedia New h York, 18 December, 1819; d. there, 22 catholic encyclopedia Dec., 1888.
Heptarchy - By the term heptarchy is understood that complexus of seven catholic encyclopedia kingdoms, into which, roughly speaking, Anglo-Saxon Britain was divided for catholic encyclopedia nearly three centuries, until at last the supremacy, about the catholic encyclopedia year 829, fell definitely and finally into the hands of
Homiletics - Lengthy historical article. Includes extensive bibliography.
Hungary - History of the country.
Hermas, Saint - The Roman Martyrology includes for 18 August Roman martyrs Hermas, catholic encyclopedia Serapion, and Polyaenus. Ten days later a Roman martyr Hermes catholic encyclopedia and Alexandrian martyrs Polienus and Serapion are commemorated. Perhaps they catholic encyclopedia are the same.
Huysmans, Joris Karl - French novelist. (1848-1907)
Hugh of St-Cher - Dominican cardinal. (1200-1263)
Helinand - Medieval poet, chronicler, and ecclesiastical writer.
Honour - May be defined as the deferential recognition by word or reference sign of another's worth or station.
Harris, Joel Chandler - Folklorist, novelist, poet, journalist; born at Eatonton, Georgia, catholic encyclopedia U.S.A., 1848; died at Atlanta, Georgia, 3 July, catholic encyclopedia 1908.
Hittorp, Melchior - A theologian and liturgical writer, born about 1525, h at Cologne; died there in 1584.
Henry the Navigator, Prince - Born 4 March, 1394; died 13 November, 1460; h he was catholic encyclopedia the fourth son of John I, h King of Portugal, by catholic encyclopedia Queen Philippa, a daughter h of John of Gaunt.
Hair (in Christian Antiquity) - The paintings in the catacombs permit the belief h that the h early Christians simply followed the fashion h of their time. The h short hair of the h men and the waved tresses of h the women h were, towards the end of the second century, h h curled, frizzed with irons, and
Hunting, Canons on - From early times, hunting, in one form or h another has catholic encyclopedia been forbidden to clerics.
Herculano de Carvalho e Araujo, Alejandro - Born at Lisbon, 28 March, 1810; died near reference Santarem, 13 catholic encyclopedia Sept., 1877.
Hierarchy - This word has been used to denote the reference totality of ruling powers in the Church, ever reference since the time of the Pseudo-Dionysius Areopagita (sixth reference century), who consecrated the expression in his works, reference "The Celestial Hierarchy" and "The Ecclesias
Hopi Indians - A tribe of Pueblo Indians of Shoshonean stock.
Hermits of St. Augustine - A religious order which in the thirteenth century h combined several catholic encyclopedia monastic societies into one, under this h name.
Hofer, Andreas - A patriot and soldier, born at St. Leonhard catholic encyclopedia in catholic encyclopedia Passeyrthale, Tyrol, 22 Nov., 1767; executed at catholic encyclopedia Mantua, 20 catholic encyclopedia Feb., 1810.
Hypostatic Union - A theological term used with reference to the h Incarnation to catholic encyclopedia express the revealed truth that in h Christ one person subsists catholic encyclopedia in two natures, the h Divine and the human.
Heli - Discusses the Old Testament priest, and the New reference Testament father of Joseph.
Holy Synod - The name of the council by which the Church of h Russia and, following its example, many other Orthodox Churches are h governed.
Hierotheus - All attempts to establish as historical a personality reference corresponding to catholic encyclopedia the Hierotheus who appears in the reference writings of Pseudo-Dionysius are catholic encyclopedia rendered abortive by the reference fact, now definitely proven, that those catholic encyclopedia writings, with reference intent to mislead, weave into their n
Holy Week - The week which precedes the great festival of catholic encyclopedia the reference Resurrection on Easter Sunday, and which consequently catholic encyclopedia is used reference to commemorate the Passion of Christ, catholic encyclopedia and the event reference which immediately led up to catholic encyclopedia it.
Hingston, Sir William Hales - Canadian physician and surgeon, b. at Hinchinbrook near reference Huntingdon, Quebec, reference June 29, 1829; d. at Montreal, reference 19 February, 1907.
Harland, Henry - American novelist. (1861-1905)
Herp, Henry - A fifteenth century Franciscan of the Strict Observance and a catholic encyclopedia distinguished writer on mysticism.
Hobart - Archdiocese comprises Tasmania, Bruni Island, and the Cape catholic encyclopedia Barren, Flinders, King, and other islands in Bass catholic encyclopedia Straits.
Hornyold, John Joseph - A titular Bishop of Phiomelia, Vicar Apostolic of h the Midland catholic encyclopedia District, England; born 19 February, 1706; h died at Longbirch, Staffordshire, catholic encyclopedia 26 December, 1778.
Homicide - Signifies, in general, the killing of a human catholic encyclopedia being. catholic encyclopedia In practice, however, the word has come catholic encyclopedia to mean catholic encyclopedia the unjust taking away of human catholic encyclopedia life, perpetrated by catholic encyclopedia one distinct from the victim catholic encyclopedia and acting in a catholic encyclopedia private capacity.
Hilduin, Abbot of St-Denis - Died 22 November, 840.
Hospice - During the early centuries of Christianity the hospice catholic encyclopedia was a shelter for the sick, the poor, catholic encyclopedia the orphans, the old, the travellers and the catholic encyclopedia needy of every kind.
Holy Oils - Oil is a product of great utility the symbolic signification of which harmonizes with its natural uses. It serves to sweeten, to strengthen, to render supple; and the Church employs it for these purposes in its rites.
Huguccio - Italian canonist, b. at Pisa, date unknown; d. catholic encyclopedia in reference 1210.
Helmont, Jan Baptista van - Born at Brussels, 1577; died near Vilvorde, 30 h December, 1644. reference This scientist, distinguished in the early h annals of chemistry, belonged reference to a Flemish family.
Hildegard, Saint - Seer and prophet, Sibyl of the Rhine, d. catholic encyclopedia 1179. Never formally canonized, but she is listed catholic encyclopedia in the Roman Martyrology.
Henten, John - John Henton, Biblical exegete, born 1499 at Nalinnes Belgium; died h 10 Oct., 1566.
Harbor Grace - Diocese in Newfoundland, erected in 1856.
Haiti - An island of the Greater Antilles.
Hosius, Stanislaus - Cardinal and Prince-Bishop of Ermland; born of German h parents at Cracow, 5 May, 1504; died at h Capranica, near Rome, S August, 1579.
Houdon, Jean-Antoine - Born at Versailles, 1741; died 16 July, 1828; the most h distinguished sculptor of France during the latter half of the h eighteenth century.
Havana - Jurisdiction of the See of Havana comprises the two provinces h of Havana and Matanzas.
Herder - The name of a German firm of publishers h and booksellers.
Hardey, Mary Aloysia - Of the Society of the Sacred Heart, who established all the convents of her order, up to the year 1883, in the eastern part of the United States, Canada, and Cuba; b. at Piscataway, Maryland, 1809; d. at Paris, France, 17 June. 1886.
Holy See - A term derived from the enthronement-ceremony of the reference bishops of Rome.
Huaraz - Suffragan of Lima. It comprises the entire department reference of Ancachs in the Republic of Peru.
Heresy - St. Thomas defines heresy: "a species of infidelity in men reference who, having professed the faith of Christ, corrupt its dogmas".
Hewit, Augustine Francis - Priest and second Superior General of the Institute catholic encyclopedia of catholic encyclopedia St. Paul the Apostle. (1820-1897)
Hylozoism - The doctrine according to which all matter possesses life.
Hinderer, Roman - A German missionary in China, born at Reiningen, near Mülhausen, catholic encyclopedia in Alsace, 21 Sept., 1668; died 24 Aug., 1744.
Hope-Scott, James Robert - Parliamentary barrister, Q.C.; b. 15 July, 1812, at catholic encyclopedia Great catholic encyclopedia Marlow, Berkshire, England; d. in London, 29 catholic encyclopedia April, 1873.
Hatred - In general, a vehement aversion entertained by one person for reference another, or for something more or less identified with that reference other.
Heraclea - A titular see of Thracia Prima.
Huntington, Jedediah Vincent - Clergyman, novelist; born 20 January, 1815, in New York City; catholic encyclopedia died 10 March, 1862, at Pau, France.
Hottentots - One of three tribes of South Africa which may be divided Bantus, Hottentots, and Bushmen.
Hubert, Jean-François - The ninth Bishop of Quebec, born at Quebec, reference 23 February, reference 1739; died 17 October, 1799.
Hell, Maximilian - Astronomer, b. at Schemnitz in Hungary, 15 May, reference 1720; d. at Vienna, 14 April, 1792.
Herbert of Derwentwater, Saint - Short biography of the seventh-century anchorite.
Helmold - A historian, born in the first half of catholic encyclopedia the reference twelfth century; died about 1177.
Harold, Francis - Irish Franciscan and historical writer, d. at Rome, catholic encyclopedia 18 catholic encyclopedia March, 1685.
Hugh of Strasburg - Theologian, flourished during the latter half of the thirteenth century.
Hus, Jan - Biographical article, with extensive hyperlinks.
Holmes, John - Catholic educator and priest; born at Windsor, Vermont, reference in 1799; h died at Lorette, near Quebec, Canada, reference in 1852.
Henryson, Robert - Scottish poet, born probably 1420-1430; died about 1500.
Henry Heath, Blessed - Short biography of the English Franciscan, martyred for catholic encyclopedia being reference a priest. He died in 1643.
Hippolytus of Rome, Saint - Presbyter, antipope, martyr, died about 236.
Hadewych, Blessed - Prioress of the Premonstratensian convent of Mehre, d. h around 1200. reference Also known as Hedwig or Hadewig.
Happiness - The primary meaning of this term in all h the leading catholic encyclopedia European languages seems to involve the h notion of good fortune, catholic encyclopedia good chance, good happening.
Haymo - Benedictine bishop. (d. 853)
Hesychius of Sinai - A priest and monk of the Order of catholic encyclopedia St. h Basil in the Thorn-bush (Batos) monastery on catholic encyclopedia Mt. Sinai, h and ascetic author of the Byzantine catholic encyclopedia period in literature.
Hibernians, Ancient Order of - This organization grew up gradually among the Catholics catholic encyclopedia of Ireland owing to the dreadful hardships and catholic encyclopedia persecutions to which they were subjected.
Heinrich der Glïchezäre - A Middle High German poet, author of a narrative poem catholic encyclopedia "Reinhart Fuchs".
Heinrich von Melk - German satirist of the twelfth century; of knightly h birth and reference probably a lay brother in the h convent of Melk, in reference Styria.
Heilsbronn, Monk of - This name indicates the unknown author of some small mystical reference treatises, written about the beginning of the fourteenth century at reference the Cistercian Abbey of Heilsbronn.
Harlez de Deulin, Charles-Joseph de - A Belgian Orientalist, domestic prelate, canon of the catholic encyclopedia cathedral h of Liège, member of the Academic Royale catholic encyclopedia of Belgium; h b. at Liège, 21 August, 1832; catholic encyclopedia d. at Louvain, h 14 July, 1899.
Huanuco - Suffragan of Lima in Peru.
Hospitality - In the religious orders the duty of hospitality was insisted h upon from the beginning both in East and West.
Hermeneutics - Derived from a Greek word connected with the name of the god Hermes, the reputed messenger and interpreter of the gods.
Henry Morse, Saint - English Jesuit who made his novitiate in prison. He was martyred at Tyburn in 1644.
Holy Cross, Congregation of - A body of priests and lay brothers constituted in the h religious state by the simple vows of poverty, chastity, and h obedience, and bearing the common name of Religious of Holy h Cross.
Hugh of Flavigny - Benedictine monk and historian; b. about 1064, probably h at Verdun h (Lorraine); d. before the middle of h the twelfth century.
Hexateuch - A name commonly used by the critics to h designate the first six books of the Old h Testament, i.e. the Pentateuch and Josue.
Holden, Henry - An English priest; born 1596; died March, 1662.
Helena (Montana) - Erected from the Vicariate of Montana, 7 March, 1884.
Heribert, Saint - Archbishop of Cologne, d. 1021.
Holy Sepulchre, Knights of the - A secular confraternity which gradually grew up around h the most august of the Holy Places.
Hammurabi - The sixth king of the first Babylonian dynasty.
Himeria - A titular see in the province of Osrhoene, catholic encyclopedia suffragan reference of Edessa.
Hesychius of Jerusalem - Presbyter and exegete, probably of the fifth century.
Haughery, Margaret - "The mother of the orphans", as she was h familiarly styled, catholic encyclopedia b. in Cavan, Ireland, about 1814; h d. at New Orleans, catholic encyclopedia Louisiana, 9 February, 1882.
Heisterbach - A former Cistercian monastery in the Siebengebirge near catholic encyclopedia the catholic encyclopedia little town of Oberdollendorf in the Archdiocese catholic encyclopedia of Cologne.
Homes - This term, when used in an eleemosynary sense, reference covers all institutions that afford the general comforts reference of domestic life to persons who are defective reference and dependent.
Haid, Herenaus - Catechist, born in the Diocese of Ratisbon, 16 reference February, 1784; h died 7 January, 1873.
Holy Sepulchre, Canonesses Regular of the - Concerning the foundation there is only a tradition connecting it reference with St. James the Apostle and representing St. Helena as reference invested with the habit by St. Macanus, Bishop of Jerusalem.
Holy Sepulchre - The tomb in which the Body of Jesus catholic encyclopedia Christ h was laid after His death upon the catholic encyclopedia Cross.
Heortology - The science of sacred festivals, embracing the principles catholic encyclopedia of reference their origin, significance, and historical development, with catholic encyclopedia reference to reference epochs or incidents in the Christian catholic encyclopedia year.
Haudriettes - A religious congregation founded in Paris early in h the fourteenth catholic encyclopedia century by Jeanne, wife of Etienne h Haudry, a private secretary catholic encyclopedia of St. Louis, King h of France.
Hebron - An ancient royal city of Chanaan, famous in catholic encyclopedia biblical history, especially at the time of the catholic encyclopedia patriarchs and under David.
Holy Ghost, Religious Congregations of the - Several groups by this name are covered.
Hay, George - Bishop and writer, b. at Edinburgh, 24 Aug., h 1729; d. at Aquhorties, 18 Oct., 1811.
Humanism - The name given to the intellectual, literary, and reference scientific movement reference of the fourteenth to the sixteenth reference centuries, which aimed at reference basing every branch of reference learning on the literature and culture reference of classical reference antiquity.
Hebrews, Epistle to the - The central thought of the entire Epistle is h the doctrine h of the Person of Christ and h His Divine mediatorial office.
Hoogstraten, Jacob van - A theologian and controversialist, born about 1460, in catholic encyclopedia Hoogstraeten, Belgium; died in Cologne, 24 January, 1527.
Holy Humility of Mary, Sisters of the - Founded at Dommartin-sous-Amance, France, in 1855, by John Joseph Begel catholic encyclopedia (b. 5 April, 1817; d. 23 Jan., 1884), pastor of catholic encyclopedia the two villages of Laitre and Dommartin.
Holy Saturday - In the early Church this was the only Saturday on which fasting was permitted (Constit. Apost., VII, 23), and the fast was one of special severity.
Holy Family, Congregations of the - Details of various groups by this name.
Heynlin of Stein, Johann - A theologian, born about 1425; died at Basle, h 12 March, reference 1496.
Harold Bluetooth - Son of King Gorm the Old of Denmark. (911-986)
Hülshoff, Annette Elisabeth, Baroness von - Biographical article on "Germany's greatest poetess."
Hermopolis Parva - A titular see of Ægyptus Prima, suffragan of Alexandria.
Holy Water - In the earliest Christian times, water was used catholic encyclopedia for expiatory and purificatory purposes, to a way catholic encyclopedia analogous to its employment under the Jewish Law.
Herdtrich, Christian Wolfgang - An Austrian Jesuit missionary in China; born at reference Graz, Styria, 25 June, 1625; d. 18 July, reference 1684.
Hirscher, Johann Baptist von - Professor of moral theology and catechetics at the University of h Freiburg in the Breisgau.
Hilary of Arles, Saint - Biographical article on this 5th-century archbishop.
Hüffer, Hermann - Historian and jurist; born 24 March, 1830, at Münster in Westphalia; died at Bonn, 15 March, 1905.
Honoratus a Sancta Maria - A Discalced Carmelite; born at Limoges, 4 July, catholic encyclopedia 1651 ; died at Lille, 1729.
Hippolytus, Saints - Several mentions of a saint or saints named reference Hippolytus occur h in the Roman Martyrology. Some must reference be identified with Hippolytus h of Rome, but at reference least one (a "Greek martyr") cannot h possibly be reference the same person as the Roman presbyter.
Holocaust - As suggested by its Greek origin (holos "whole", reference and kaustos "burnt") the word designates an offering reference entirely consumed by fire, in use among the reference Jews and some pagan nations of antiquity. [Definition reference from 1910.]
Hueber, Fortunatus - A Franciscan historian and theologian, born at Neustadt reference on the reference Danube; died 12 Feb., 1706, at reference Munich.
Hutton, Peter - Priest, b. at Holbeck, Leeds, Yorkshire, England, 29 catholic encyclopedia June, catholic encyclopedia 1811; d. at Ratcliffe, Leicestershire, England, 2 catholic encyclopedia Sept., 1880.
Höfler, Konstantin von - Historian; born at Memmingen, Bavaria, 26 March, 1811; died at reference Prague, 29 December, 1898.
Heim, François Joseph - French historical painter, b. near Belfort, 1787, d. catholic encyclopedia in reference Paris, 1865.
Holy Sepulchre, Fathers of the - Franciscan Fathers, who with lay brothers keep watch over the Holy Sepulchre and the sanctuaries of the basilica.
Hanover - The former Kingdom of Hanover has been a province of h the Prussian monarchy since 20 September, 1866.
Hilton, Walter - Article about the spiritual writings of this Augustinian h mystic, d. h 1396.
Halloy, Jean-Baptiste-Julien D'Omalius - Belgian geologist, b. at Liège, Belgium, 16 February, 1783; d. h at Brussels, 15 January, 1875.
Hydatius of Lemica - Chronicler and bishop. (d. 468)
Hereswitha, Saint - Also known as Haeresvid or Hereswyde, blood sister catholic encyclopedia of St. Hilda of Whitby. Mother, widow, and catholic encyclopedia nun.
Hervetus, Gentian - French theologian and controversialist; b. at Olivet, near catholic encyclopedia Orléans, h in 1499; d. at Reims, 12 September, catholic encyclopedia 1584.
Henry of Nördlingen - A Bavarian secular priest, of the fourteenth century, h date of death unknown; the spiritual adviser of h Margaretha Ebner (died 1351), the mystic of Medingen.
Higden, Ranulf - Benedictine chronicler. (d. 1364)
Henschen, Godfrey - Jesuit, hagiographer; b. at Venray (Limburg), 21 June, h 1601; d. reference at Antwerp, 11 Sept., 1681.
Heinz, Joseph - Swiss painter. (1564-1609)
Howard, Mary, of the Holy Cross - Poor Clare, born 28 December, 1653; died at Rouen, 21 catholic encyclopedia Mary's 1735.
Hilary of Poitiers, Saint - Biographical article on this bishop, a staunch opponent reference of Arianism, catholic encyclopedia who died in 368. Includes bibliography.
Hours, Canonical - Essay on the practice of reciting the Divine Office according reference to set hours.
Hermon - A group of mountains forming the southern extremity of Anti-Lebanon, catholic encyclopedia and marking on the east of the Jordan the northern catholic encyclopedia boundary of Israel.
Holtei, Karl von - German novelist, poet, and dramatist; b. at Breslau, reference 24 January, 1798; d. in that city, 12 reference February, 1880.
Haito - Bishop of Basle; b. in 763, of a catholic encyclopedia noble catholic encyclopedia family of Swabia; d. 17 March, 836, catholic encyclopedia in the catholic encyclopedia Abbey of Reichenau, on an island catholic encyclopedia in the Lake catholic encyclopedia of Constance.
Himerius - An Archbishop of Tarragona in Spain, 385.
Holy Childhood, Association of the - A children\'s association for the benefit of foreign missions.
Hurtado, Caspar - A Spanish Jesuit and theologian, b. at Mondejar, reference New Castle, h in 1575; d. at Alcalá, 5 reference August, 1647.
Heude, Pierre - Missionary to China and zoologist. (1836-1902)
Humphrey Middlemore, Blessed - English Carthusian priest and martyr, was executed in 1535 for unwillingness to take the oath of supremacy.
Hypsistarians - A distinct Jewish-pagan sect which flourished from about h 200 B.C. to about A.D. 400, mostly in h Asia Minor (Cappadocia Bithynia, Pontus) and on the h South Russian coasts of the Euxine Sea.
Holy Ghost, Orders of the - The Hospital of the Holy Ghost at Rome catholic encyclopedia was catholic encyclopedia the cradle of an order, which, beginning catholic encyclopedia in the catholic encyclopedia thirteenth century, spread throughout all the catholic encyclopedia countries of Christendom, catholic encyclopedia and whose incalculable services have catholic encyclopedia been recognized by every catholic encyclopedia historian of medicine.
Holy Oils, Vessels for - In Christian antiquity there existed an important category reference of vessels h used as receptacles for holy oil.
Hegesippus, The Pseudo- - Fourth-century translator of Josephus.
Hare Indians - A Déné tribe which shares with the Loucheux the distinction of being the northernmost in America, their habitat being immediately south of that of the Eskimos.
Hermann of Minden - Provincial of the German province of Dominicans; b. catholic encyclopedia at reference or near Minden on an unknown date; catholic encyclopedia d. shortly reference after 1294.
Haceldama - The name given by the people to the reference potter\\'s field, h purchased with the price of the reference treason of Judas.
Hexapla - Article on Origen\\'s compilation of six ancient versions catholic encyclopedia of the Bible in parallel columns, his purpose catholic encyclopedia and the principles that guided his work.
Hethites - One of the many peoples of North-Western Asia, styled Hittim reference in the Hebrew Bible, Khuti or Kheta on the Egyptian reference monuments, and Hatti in the cuneiform documents.
Hermann I - Landgrave of Thuringia (1190-1217), famous as a patron reference of medieval German poets.
Hansiz, Markus - Historian, b. at Volkermarkt, Carinthia, Austria, 25 April, catholic encyclopedia 1683; d. at Vienna, 5 September, 1766.
Henoticon - The unsuccessful law made by the Emperor Zeno catholic encyclopedia in order to conciliate Catholics and Monophysites.
Helpidius, Flavius Rusticius - The name of several Latin writers.
Huber, Alphons - Historian; born 14 October, 1834, at Fügen, Zillerthal (Tyrol); died 23 November, 1898, at Vienna.
Habor River - A river of Mesopotamia in Asiatic Turkey, an important eastern affluent of the Euphrates.
Hierapolis - Titular Archdiocese, metropolis of the Province of Euphrates, h in the catholic encyclopedia Patriarchate of Antioch.
Hautefeuille, Jean de - French physicist, b. at Orléans, 20 March, 1647; reference d. there, reference 18 October, 1724.
Holy Coat - The possession of the seamless garment of Christ, h for which catholic encyclopedia the soldiers cast lots at the h Crucifixion, is claimed by catholic encyclopedia the cathedral of Trier h and by the parish church of catholic encyclopedia Argenteuil.
Holy Family, Archconfraternity of the - This archconfraternity owes its origin to Henri Belletable, an officer h in the Engineers' Corps, Liege, Belgium.
Halicarnassus - A titular see of Caria, suffragan of Stauropolis.
Heredity - The offspring tends to resemble, sometimes with extraordinary h closeness, the reference parents.
Hearse, Tenebrae - The triangular candlestick used in the Tenebrae service.
Heaven - In the Holy Bible the term heaven denotes, reference in the reference first place, the blue firmament, or reference the region of the reference clouds that pass along reference the sky. Gen., i, 20, speaks reference of the reference birds "under the firmament of heaven". In other reference reference passages it denotes the region of
Houdry, Vincent - Preacher and writer on ascetics; b. 23 January, 1631, at reference Tours; d. 21 March, 1729, at Paris.
Hamilton, Ontario, Diocese of - Located in Ontario, Canada; a suffragan of Toronto.
Hincmar - A bishop of Laon, died 879.
Hickey, Antony - A theologian, born in the Barony of Islands, reference Co. Clare, catholic encyclopedia Ireland, in 1586; died in Rome, reference 26 June, 1641.
Henry VI - German king and Holy Roman Emperor. (1165-1197)
Hesse - The name of a German tribe, and also a district reference in Germany extending along the Lahn, Eder, Fulda, Werra, and reference the Lower Main and Rhine.
Hope - The desire of something together with the expectation of obtaining catholic encyclopedia it.
Hymn - A derivative of the Latin hymnus, which comes h from the h Greek hymnos, derived from hydein, to h sing.
Honorius II, Pope - Archdeacon of Bologna. Died at Rome, 14 February, 1130.
Huajuápam de León - Diocese in the State of Oaxaca, Mexico, erected h by Bull of Leo XIII.
Holy Infancy, Brothers of the - Founded in 1853 by the Right Rev. John Timon, the first Bishop of Buffalo. The special aim of this congregation is the sanctification of its members and the care of destitute and wayward boys.
Heinrich von Veldeke - A medieval German poet of knightly rank; b. near Maastricht in the Netherlands about the middle of the twelfth century.
Holy Innocents - Fairly long article on these children, and the commemoration of their martyrdom. Both Western and Eastern Christianity.
Hyacinth, Saint - Polish Dominican, died in 1257.
Herrad of Landsberg - A twelfth-century abbess, author of the "Hortus Deliciarum"; born about h 1130, at the castle of Landsberg, the seat of a h noble Alsatian family; died 1195.
Humiliati - A penitential order dating back, according to some authorities, to reference the beginning of the eleventh, but more probably to the reference beginning of the twelfth century, to the reign of Emperor reference Henry V, who, after quelling a rebellion in Lombardy, led reference the principal no
Hubert Walter - Archbishop of Canterbury (1193-1205); died 13 July, 1205.
Henry of Kalkar - Carthusian writer, b. at Kalkar in the Duchy h of Cleves h in 1328; d. at Cologne, 20 h December, 1408.
Host - Archaeological and historical aspects.
Henry of Huntingdon - Historian; b. probably near Ramsey, Huntingdonshire, between 1080 and 1085; d. 1155.
Hazart, Cornelius - Controversialist, orator, and writer, b. 28 October, 1617, at Oudenarde catholic encyclopedia in the Netherlands; entered the Society of Jesus, 24 Sept., catholic encyclopedia 1634; d. 25 October, 1690, at Antwerp.
Huguenots - An extensive history of this French Protestant tradition.
Herrgott, Marquard - A Benedictine historian and diplomat. (1694-1762)
Heidelberg, University of - The fame of Heidelberg is due to its catholic encyclopedia university, h which was founded in 1386 by the catholic encyclopedia warlike Rupert h I of Wittelsbach when he was catholic encyclopedia over seventy years h of age, on the model catholic encyclopedia of the University of h Paris.
Holy Water Fonts - Vessels intended for the use of holy water.
Huc, Evariste Régis - A French Lazarist missionary and traveller; born at catholic encyclopedia Caylus (Tarn-et-Garonne), 1 June, 1813; died at Paris, catholic encyclopedia 26 March, 1860.
Huelgas de Burgos - Founded by Alfonso VIII at the instance of his consort, catholic encyclopedia Doña Leonor of England, about the year 1180.
Helyot, Pierre - Usually known as Hippolyte, his name in religion. catholic encyclopedia Born h at Paris, in 1660; died there 5 catholic encyclopedia January, 1716.
Hermann of Altach - A medieval historian; b. 1200 or 1201; d. reference 31 July, h 1275.
Hauara - A titular see of Palestina Tertia, suffragan of reference Petra.
Honorius III, Pope - Born at Rome, date of birth unknown; died at Rome, 18 March, 1227.
Huesca - Diocese embracing parts of the province of Huesca h in north-eastern reference Spain, seven parishes in the Broto h valley and three within reference the limits of the h Archdiocese of Saragossa, one parish being reference situated in h the city of Saragossa itself.
Hug, Johann Leonhard - A German Catholic exegete, b. at Constance, 1 h June, 1765; h d. at Freiburg im Br., 11 h March, 1846.
Homoousion - The word used by the Council of Nicaea reference (325) to reference express the Divinity of Christ.
Hadrian, Publius Aelius - Emperor of the Romans; born 24 January, A. D. 76 at Rome; died 10 July, 138.
Hexaemeron - Signifies a term of six days, or, technically, the history catholic encyclopedia of the six days\\' work of creation, as contained in catholic encyclopedia the first chapter of Genesis.
Holy Cross, Sisters of the - Mother House, St. Mary\\'s of the Immaculate Conception, h Notre Dame, reference Indiana.
Hammer-Purgstall, Joseph, Baron von - A distinguished Austrian Orientalist; b. at Graz, 9 reference June, 1774; d. at Vienna, 23 November, 1856.
Hugh the Great, Saint - Biographical article on the distinguished and influential Abbot h of Cluny, catholic encyclopedia d. 1109.
Host, Johann - One of the seven Dominicans, who distinguished themselves in the struggle against Luther in Cologne.
Holy Cross, Sisters Marianites of - Founded in 1841, in the parish of Holy reference Cross near h Le Mans, Sarthe, France, by a reference priest of the same h city, Basile-Antoine Moreau.
Harrowing of Hell - This is the Old English and Middle English term for reference the triumphant descent of Christ into hell (or Hades) between reference the time of His Crucifixion and His Resurrection, when, according reference to Christian belief, He brought salvation to the souls held reference captive there s
Holy Name of Jesus - Reverence for the name of Jesus is not optional for catholic encyclopedia believers. Article highlights the Scriptural reasons, and describes some catholic encyclopedia customary ways of showing reverence.
Hagen, Gottfried - Town clerk of Cologne, and author of the reference Cologne "Reimchronik" reference (rhymed chronicle); died 1299.
Hanthaler, Chrysostomus - A Cistercian, historical investigator and writer. (1690-1754)
Honduras - The territory of the vicariate is co-extensive with h that of h the British Crown Colony of the h same name.
Hubert, Saint, Military Orders of - The highest order of Bavaria, founded in 1444 reference or 1445 h by Gerhard V, Duke of Jülich, reference in commemoration of a h victory gained on St. reference Hubert\\'s day (3 Nov.); some, however, h date the reference establishment as late as 1473 and 1475.
Hugh of Lincoln, Saint - Biography of this Augustinian and later a Carthusian, d. 1200, reference canonized 1220.
Hawes, Stephen - Poet; b. in Suffolk about 1474; d. about catholic encyclopedia 1523.
Hergenröther, Joseph - Church historian and canonist, first Cardinal-Prefect of the catholic encyclopedia Vatican Archives, b. at Würzburg, 15 Sept., 1824; catholic encyclopedia d. at Mehrerau (Bodensee), 3 Oct., 1890.
Halma, Nicholas - French mathematician; born at Sedan, 31 December, 1755; h died at reference Paris, 4 June, 1828.
Hersfeld - An ancient imperial abbey of the Benedictine Order.
Harrison, James - Priest and martyr; b. in the Diocese of Lichfield, England, catholic encyclopedia date unknown; d. at York, 22 March, 1602.
Harmony - A concord of sounds, several tones of different reference pitch sounded reference as a chord; among the Greeks, reference the general term for reference music.
Harlay, Family of - An important family of parliamentarians and bishops, who deserve a catholic encyclopedia place in religious history.
Hroswitha - A celebrated nun-poetess of the tenth century, whose reference name has reference been given in various forms, Roswitha, reference Hrotswitha, Hrosvitha, and Hrotsuit; reference born probably between 930 reference and 940, died about 1002.
Holzhauser, Bartholomew - Parish priest, ecclesiastical writer, and founder of a h religious community; born 24 Aug., 1613, at Laugna h in the Diocese of Augsburg, Bavaria; died 20 h May, 1658.
Haarlem - One of the suffragan sees of the Archdiocese catholic encyclopedia of Utrecht in the Netherlands.
Hopkins, Gerard Manley - Jesuit and poet. (1844-1889)
Heywood, Jasper and John - Jasper Heywood, poet and translator; born 1535 in h London; died h 1598 at Naples. John Heywood, father h of Jasper, dramatist and h epigrammatist; born probably c. h 1497; died about 1580.
Hubert, Saint - Confessor, first bishop of Liège, d. 727 or 728.
Hadrian, Saint - Article on this martyr, who died in about h 306.
Hilda, Saint - Biographical article on the influential abbess, who died catholic encyclopedia in h 680.
Hay, Edmund and John - Edmund Hay, jesuit, and envoy to Mary Queen of Scots, b. 1540?; d. at Rome, 4 Nov., 1591. John Hay, kinsman and contemporary of Edmund, of the family of Hay of Dalgetti; b., 1546; d. at Pont-à-Mousson, 1608; a well-known scholar, professor, and writer.
Homiliarium - A collection of homilies, or familiar explanations of h the Gospels.
Hugh, Saint - Article on Little St. Hugh of Lincoln.
Hôpital, Guillaume-François-Antoine de L' - Marquis de Sainte-Mesme and Comte d\\'Entremont, French mathematician; h b. at Paris, 1661; d. at Paris, 2 h February, 1704.
Herincx, William - A theologian, born at Helmond, North Brabant, 1621; catholic encyclopedia died 17 Aug., 1678.
Hartmann von Aue - A Middle High German epic poet and minnesinger; catholic encyclopedia died between 1210 and 1220.
Hermengild, Saint - The son of an Arian Visigothic king. His mother and h wife were Catholic, and he converted to Catholicism, and resisted h Arianism. He was beheaded in 585.
Hospitallers - During the Middle Ages, among the hospitals established throughout, religious of both sexes lived under one roof, following the Rule of St. Augustine.
Hyderabad-Deccan, Diocese of - Hyderabad, also called Bhagnagar, and Fakhunda Bunyad, capital of the Nizam\\'s dominions, was founded in 1589, by Mohammed Kuli, King of Golconda.
Hyacintha Mariscotti, Saint - Third Order Franciscan, founder of the Oblates of Mary (Sacconi), died 1640.
Howard, Philip Thomas - Dominican and cardinal, commonly called the "Cardinal of catholic encyclopedia Norfolk"; born at Arundel House, London, 21 September, catholic encyclopedia 1629; died at Rome, 17 June, 1694.
Haydock, George Leo - Priest and biblical scholar. (1774-1849)
Hensel, Luise - Poetess and convert; born at Linum, 30 March, 1798; died. at Paderborn, 18 December, 1876.
Holy Cross Abbey - The ruins of this monastery are situated on the right bank of the River Suir, about three miles south-west of the cathedral town of Thurles, Co. Tipperary.
Hierocæsarea - A titular see of Lydia, suffragan of Sardis.
Holy Name, Society of the - A.k.a. Holy Name Society. Men\'s confraternity to encourage h prayer.
Heilsbronn - Formerly a Cistercian monastery in the Diocese of catholic encyclopedia Eichstatt in Middle Franconia.
Henri de Saint-Ignace - A Carmelite theologian, b. in 1630, at Ath in Hainaut, h Belgium; d. in 1719 or 1720, near Liège.
Holywell - Two documents of the twelfth century, preserved in the British Museum, and printed by the Bollandists, give its history, with the earliest record of the miraculous cures effected by its waters.
Heriger of Lobbes - A medieval theologian and historian; born about 925; died 31 reference October, 1007.
Hladnik, Franz von Paula - Botanist and schoolmaster. (1773-1844)
Herbert of Bosham - A biographer of St. Thomas Becket, dates of birth and death unknown.
Harpasa - A titular see of Caria, suffragan of Stauropolis.
Humeral Veil - The name given to a cloth of rectangular reference shape about reference 8 ft. long and 1 1/2 reference ft. wide.
Henry of Herford - Friar and chronicler; date of birth unknown; died catholic encyclopedia at h Minden, 9 Oct., 1370.
Hairshirt - A garment of rough cloth made from goats\\' h hair and catholic encyclopedia worn in the form of a h shirt or as a catholic encyclopedia girdle around the loins, h by way of mortification and penance.
Holy Communion - By Communion is meant the actual reception of h the Sacrament h of the Eucharist.
Hail Mary - Analysis of the prayer Ave Maria: origins and development.
Hugh Faringdon, Blessed - His family name was Cook; Faringdon is his probable birthplace. catholic encyclopedia Mitred abbot of Reading. When he refused to surrender the catholic encyclopedia abbey, he was condemned to death. Martyred in 1539.
Hesychasm - Hesychasts (hesychastes -- quietist) were people, nearly all monks, who reference defended the theory that it is possible by an elaborate reference system of asceticism, detachment from earthly cares, submission to an reference approved master, prayer, especially perfect repose of bod
Habington, William - Poet and historian; born at Hindlip, Worcestershire, 1605; reference died 1654; catholic encyclopedia son of Thomas Habington the antiquarian.
Haynald, Lajos - Cardinal, Archbishop of Kalocsa-Bács in Hungary; b. at Szécsény, 3 October, 1816; d. at Kalocsa, 3 July, 1891.
Heliogabalus - The name adopted by Varius Avitus Bassianus, Roman catholic encyclopedia emperor (218-222), born of a Syrian family and catholic encyclopedia a grandnephew of Julia Domna, the consort of catholic encyclopedia Emperor Septimus Severus.
Herbst, Johann Georg - Born at Rottweil, in Würtemberg, 13 January, 1787; reference died 31 July, 1836.
Hasak, Vincenz - Historian, b. at Neustadt, near Friedland, Bohemia , 18 July, 1812; d. 1 September, 1889, as dean of Weisskirchlitz, near Teplitz.
Hucbald of St-Amand - A Benedictine monk; born in 840; died in catholic encyclopedia 930 or 932.
Hefele, Karl Joseph von - Bishop of Rottenburg, b. at Unterkochen, Würtemberg, 15 March, 1890; d. at Rottenburg, 5 June, 1893.
Hermann of Fritzlar - With this name are connected two works on reference mysticism written in German.
Hermann Contractus - Chronicler, mathematician, and poet. (1013-1054)
Henry II, Saint - Biography of the German king and Holy Roman Emperor, d. catholic encyclopedia 1024.
Helenopolis - A titular see of Bithynia Prima, suffragan of catholic encyclopedia Prusa.
Hillel - Short essay on the Jewish rabbi and philosopher.
Heinrich von Meissen - Usually called "Frauenlob" (Woman\\'s praise), a Middle High German lyric poet; b. at Meissen about 1250; d. at Mainz, 1318.
Hautecombe - A Cistercian monastery near Aix-les-Bains in Savoy.
Huron Indians - If language may be taken as a fair h criterion to go by, the Hurons proper were h the original stock from which sprang all the h branches of the great Iroquoian family, whether included h in the primitive federation of the Five Nations, h or standing apart territor
Hegesippus, Saint - Second-century writer, opposed Marcionism and Gnosticism.
Hennepin, Louis - One of the most famous explorers in the reference wilds of catholic encyclopedia North America during the seventeenth century.
Herod - Herod was the name of many rulers mentioned catholic encyclopedia in catholic encyclopedia the N.T. and in history. It was catholic encyclopedia known long catholic encyclopedia before the time of the biblical catholic encyclopedia Herods.
Holiness - Holiness or sanctity is the outcome of sanctification, that Divine act by which God freely justifies us, and by which He has claimed us for His own; by our resulting sanctity, in act as well as in habit, we claim Him as our Beginning and as the End toward
Hauréau, Jean-Barthélemy - Historian and publicist; b. at Paris, 1812; d. there, 1896.
Hyginus, Pope Saint - Greek by birth, the successor of Pope Telesphorus. catholic encyclopedia Died in about 142.
Honoratus, Saint - Founder of the famous monastery at Lérins, Archbishop of Arles, d. 429.
Hakon the Good - King of Norway, 935 (936) to 960 (961), h youngest child catholic encyclopedia of King Harold Fair Hair and h Thora Mosterstang.
Hanxleden, Johann Ernest - Jesuit missionary in the East Indies: b at Ostercappeln, near h Osnabruck, in Hanover, 1681; d. in Malabar, 20 March, 1732.
Henry V - German king and Holy Roman Emperor. (1081-1125)
Henry of Friemar - German theologian; b. at Friemar, a small town near Gotha catholic encyclopedia in Thuringia, about the end of the thirteenth century; d. catholic encyclopedia probably at Erfurt about 1355.
Hengler, Lawrence - Catholic priest and the inventor of the horizontal catholic encyclopedia pendulum, b. at Reichenhofen, Würtemberg, 3 Feb., 1806; catholic encyclopedia d. at Tigerfeld, 1858.
Hervás y Panduro, Lorenzo - Spanish Jesuit and famous philologist; b. at Horcajo, 1 May, catholic encyclopedia 1735; d. at Rome, 24 August, 1809.
Hahn-Hahn, Ida - Countess, convert and authoress, born 22 June, 1805; h died 12 catholic encyclopedia January, 1880.
Hawker, Robert Stephen - Poet and antiquary; b. at Plymouth 3 December, catholic encyclopedia 1803, h d. there 15 August, 1875.
Hugh Capet - King of France, founder of the Capetian dynasty, h b. about the middle of the tenth century; h d. about 996, probably 24 October.
Hunolt, Franz - The most popular German preacher of the early catholic encyclopedia part reference of the eighteenth century, b. 31 March, catholic encyclopedia 1691, at reference Siegen; d. 12 September, 1746, at catholic encyclopedia Trier.
Honorius, Flavius - Roman Emperor, d. 25 August, 423.
Hong-Kong - A prefect Apostolic under the Bishop of Macao was nominated reference by Gregory XVI (1846); a vicariate Apostolic was created in reference 1874.
Hawkins, Sir Henry - Raised to the peerage as Lord Brampton, eminent English lawyer h and Judge, b. at Hitchin, Hertfordshire, 14 September, 1817; d. h at London, 12 October, 1907.
Henry of Rebdorf - Alleged author of an imperial and papal chronicle of the reference thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.
Hamar, Ancient See of - Located in Norway.
Hippo Diarrhytus - Titular see of Northern Africa.
Hugo, Charles-Hyacinthe - Historiographer of the Norbertine Order. (1667-1739)
Hieronymites - In the fourth century, certain Roman ladies, following St. Paula, embraced the religious life in Bethlehem, putting themselves under the direction of St. Jerome, who had founded a monastery in that city.
Haneberg, Daniel Bonifacius von - German prelate and Orientalist of the nineteenth century, b. At Tanne near Kempten, Bavaria, 16 June, 1816.
Harrison, William - Third and last archpriest of England, b. in reference Derbyshire in h 1553; d. 11 May, 1621.
Holy Alliance - The Emperor Francis I of Austria, King Frederick reference William III reference of Prussia, and the Tsar Alexander reference I of Russia, signed reference a treaty on 26 reference September, 1815, by which they united reference in a reference "Holy Alliance."
Haggith - One of David's wives (II Kings, iii,4).
Houghton, William - Archbishop of Dublin, date and place of birth h unknown; died at Dijon, 1298.
Hübner, Alexander, Count - An Austrian statesman, born 26 Nov., 1811; died 30 July, h 1892.
Hello, Ernest - 19th-century French philosopher and essayist. Article by Susan catholic encyclopedia Tracy h Otten.
Hugh Taylor, Blessed - The first (November 1585) to suffer martyrdom for h the crime reference of being a priest in England h who had studied abroad; reference the following day, a h layman who had outwardly conformed was reference martyred for h the newly defined felony of harboring such a reference h person.
Humility - The word humility signifies lowliness or submissiveness an it is derived from the Latin humilitas or, as St. Thomas says, from humus, i.e. the earth which is beneath us.
Helpers of the Holy Souls, Society of the - A religious order of women founded in Paris, France, 1856, with the object of assisting the Holy Souls, by [Blessed] Eugénie Smet (in religion, Marie de la Providence).
Harper, Thomas Morton - Priest, philosopher, theologian and preacher. Born in London 26 Sept., h 1821, of Anglican parents, his father being a merchant of h good means in the City; d. 29 Aug., 1893.
Helen of Sköfde, Saint - Biography of the twelfth-century Swedish widow and martyr, catholic encyclopedia killed reference in perhaps the year 1160.
Hunyady, János - Governor of Hungary, born about 1400; died 11 catholic encyclopedia August, reference 1456.
Herbart and Herbartianism - Article on the life and philosophy of Johann h Friedrich Herbart, by Michael Maher.
Honorius of Autun - A theologian, philosopher, and encyclopedic writer who lived h in the first half of the twelfth century.
Hildesheim - An exempt see, comprising the Prussian province of Hanover east of the Weser, besides the Duchy of Brunswick.
Henry VIII - Lengthy article which concentrates on Henry\\'s break with h the Church h of Rome.
Haspinger, Johann Simon - A Tyrolese priest and patriot; b. at Gries, Tyrol, 28 reference October, 1776; d. in the imperial palace of Mirabell, Salzburg, reference 12 January, 1858.
Heliae, Paul - A Carmelite, opponent of the Reformation in Denmark, reference born at catholic encyclopedia Warberg (in the Laen of Halland), reference about 1480; died after catholic encyclopedia 1534.
Hesychius of Alexandria - Grammarian and lexicographer; of uncertain date, but assigned by most reference authorities to the later fourth or earlier fifth century.
Harrisburg - Diocese in Pennsylvania.
Herregouts - There were three artists of the name of h Herregouts, father, son, and grandson, of whom the h chief was Hendrik, the son of David, and h the father of Jan.
Hamilton, John - Archbishop of St. Andrews; b. 1511; d. at Stirling, 1571; h a natural son of James, first Earl of Arran.
Heribert - Archbishop of Milan. (1018-1045)
Hermes, Saint - Martyr, Bishop of Salano (Spalato) in Dalmatia.
Hendrick, Thomas Augustine - Twenty-second Bishop of Cebú, Philippine Islands, b. at Penn Yan, New York, U.S.A., 29 Oct., 1849; d. at Cebú, 29 Nov., 1909.
Heart of Mary, Congregations of - Details on several congregations under this name.
Hedwig, Saint - Duchess of Silesia, aunt of St. Elizabeth of h Hungary. Hedwig h married Henry I, and was the h mother of seven. Upon h her husband\'s death, she h entered a Cistercian monastery. Died 1243.
Hilarion, Saint - Hermit, died in about 371.
Hyrtl, Joseph - Austrian anatomist, b. at Eisenstadt in Hungary, December catholic encyclopedia 7, catholic encyclopedia 1810; d. 17 July, 1894, on his catholic encyclopedia estate near catholic encyclopedia Vienna.
Holy Ghost - The doctrine of the Catholic Church concerning the Holy Ghost forms an integral part of her teaching on the mystery of the Holy Trinity.
Hugh of St. Victor - Lengthy essay on the life and writings of reference this philosopher, theologian, and mystical writer.
Henoch - The name of the son of Cain (Gen., catholic encyclopedia iv, 17, 18), of a nephew of Abraham catholic encyclopedia (Gen., xxv, 4), of the first-born of Ruben catholic encyclopedia (Gen., xlvi, 9), and of the son of catholic encyclopedia Jared and the father of Mathusala (Gen., v. catholic encyclopedia 18 sq.).
Herrera, Francisco - A Spanish painter, etcher, medallist, and architect; born reference in Seville, 1576; died in Madrid, 1656.
Heroic Virtue - St. Augustine first applied the pagan title of reference hero to reference the Christian martyrs.
Herbert of Lea, Lady Elizabeth - English authoress and philanthropist. (1822-1911)
Halifax - This see takes its name from the city of Halifax which has been the seat of government in Nova Scotia since its foundation by Lord Cornwallis in 1749.
Hortulus Animæ - A prayer book popular in the early years reference of the catholic encyclopedia sixteenth century.
Hospitals - Originally, hospital meant a place where strangers or h visitors were received; in the course of time, h its use was restricted to institutions for the h care of the sick.
Holstenius, Lucas - German philologist, b. at Hamburg, 1596; d. at reference Rome, 2 February, 1661.
Henoch, Book of (Ethiopic) - Introductory article.
Herrera, Fernando de - A Spanish lyric poet; born 1537; died 1597.
Hildebert of Lavardin - Bishop of Le Mans, Archbishop of Tours, and reference celebrated medieval reference poet; b. about 1056, at the reference Castle of Lavardin near reference Montoir on the Loire; reference d. 8 December, 1133 or 1134.
Hawarden, Edward - Theologian and controversialist, b. in Lancashire, England, 9 April, 1662; d. in London, 23 April, 1735.
Hallahan, Margaret - Foundress of the Dominican Congregation of St. Catherine catholic encyclopedia of h Siena (third order); b. in London, 23 catholic encyclopedia January, 1803; h d. 10 May, 1868.
Hugh of Digne - Friar Minor and ascetical writer; b. at Digne, h south-east France, date uncertain; d. at Marseilles about h 1285.
Hemmerlin, Felix - A provost at Solothurn, in Switzerland, born at h Zurich, in catholic encyclopedia 1388 or 1389; died about 1460.
Hollanders in the United States - Statistics and other information about Dutch immigrants.
Haeften, Benedict van - Benedictine writer, provost of the Monastery of Afflighem, catholic encyclopedia Belgium; born at Utrecht, 1588; died 31 July, catholic encyclopedia 1648.
Hippo Regius - Titular see of Numidia.
Heroic Act of Charity - A decree of the Sacred Congregation of Indulgences reference dated 18 December, 1885, and confirmed the following reference day by Leo XIII.
Herrera Barnuevo, Sebastiano de - A painter, architect, sculptor and etcher; born in h Madrid, 1611 h or 1619; died there, 1671.
Hague, The - Capital and seat of Government of the Kingdom h of the h Netherlands as well as of the h (civil) Province of South h Holland.
Hierarchy of the Early Church - The word hierarchy is used here to denote reference the three grades of bishop, priest, and deacon reference (ministri).
Hussey, Thomas - Bishop of Waterford and Lismore, b. at Ballybogan, reference Co. Meath, reference in 1746; d. at Tramore, Co. reference Waterford, 11 July, 1803.
Hegelianism - Article by William Turner, evaluating this school of thought.
Husenbeth, Frederick Charles - Writer and editor, born at Bristol, 30 May, h 1796; died h at Cossey, Norfolk, 31 October, 1872.
Havestadt, Bernhard - German Jesuit; b. at Cologne, 27 February, 1714; reference died at h Münster after 1778.
Henry Walpole, Saint - Converted to Catholicism by the death of Edmund catholic encyclopedia Campion. h Walpole became a Jesuit priest, and was catholic encyclopedia arrested as h soon as he returned to England. catholic encyclopedia He was martyred h in 1595.
Hidalgo, Miguel - Mexican patriot. (1753-1811)
Hexham and Newcastle - Diocese of Hexham and Newcastle (Hagulstadensis et Novocastrensis).
Haydn, Johann Michael - Younger brother of Franz Joseph Haydn. (1737-1806)
Henríquez, Enrique - Jesuit theologian, b. at Oporto, 1536; d. at reference Tivoli, 28 reference January, 1608.
Hulst, Maurice Le Sage d'Hauteroche d' - A prelate, writer, orator; born at Paris, 10 Oct., 1841; catholic encyclopedia died there, 6 Nov., 1896.
Herodias - Wife of Herod Philip, and mistress of Herod catholic encyclopedia Antipas.
Hewett, John - English martyr; son of William Hewett of York; date of catholic encyclopedia birth unknown; executed at Mile End Green, 6 October, 1588.
Huddleston, John - Monk of the Order of St. Benedict; b. catholic encyclopedia at Farington Hall, Lancashire, 15 April, 1608; exact catholic encyclopedia date of death unknown; buried at London, 13 catholic encyclopedia September, 1698.
Heart of Jesus, Devotion to the Sacred - Description, spiritual significance, and historical background of devotion h to the h Sacred Heart.
Herrera y Tordesillas, Antonio de - A Spanish historian; born at Cuellar, in the reference province of h Segovia, in 1559; died at Madrid, reference 27 March, 1625.
Henríquez, Crisóstomo - A Cistercian of the Spanish Congregation; b. at Madrid, 1594; d. 23 December, 1632, at Louvain.
Hamsted, Adrian - Founder of the sect of Adrianists; born at h Dordrecht, 1524; reference died at Bruges, 1581.
Hatton, Edward Anthony - Dominican, apologist; b. in 1701; d. at Stourton h Lodge, near catholic encyclopedia Leeds, Yorkshire, 23 October, 1783.
Hermopolis Magna - A titular see of Thebais Prima, suffragan of h Antinoe, in reference Egypt.
Hebrew Language and Literature - Hebrew was the language spoken by the ancient Israelites, and in which were composed nearly all of the books of the Old Testament.
Holywood, Christopher - Jesuit; b. At Artane, Dublin, in 1559; d. reference 4 September, h 1626.
Heereman von Zuydwyk, Freiherr von - Catholic statesman and writer on art, b. 26 catholic encyclopedia Aug., reference 1832, at Surenburg near Riesenbeck, Westphalia; d. catholic encyclopedia 23 March, reference 1903, at Berlin.
Henry of Segusio, Blessed - Usually called Hostiensis. Italian canonist, bishop of Ostia, h d. 1261.
High Altar - The chief altar in a church, raised on an elevated catholic encyclopedia plane in the sanctuary, where it may be seen simultaneously catholic encyclopedia by all the faithful in the body of the church.
Hughes, John - Fourth bishop and first Archbishop of New York, born at h Annaloghan, Co. Tyrone, Ireland, 24 June, 1797 of Patrick Hughes h and Margaret McKenna: died in New York, 3 January, 1864.
Henry of Langenstein - Theologian and mathematician; b. about 1325 at the h villa of Hainbuch (Hembuche), near Langenstein in Hesse; h d. at Vienna, 11 Feb., 1397.
History, Ecclesiastical - A survey of the role of church history, the history catholic encyclopedia of the Catholic Church and historiography of church history.
Hospitius, Saint - Popularly known as Sospis. A hermit, he died catholic encyclopedia in 581.
Heis, Eduard - German astronomer, b. at Cologne, 18 February, 1806; d. at catholic encyclopedia Münster, Westphalia, 30 June, 1877.
Holy Agony, Archconfraternity of - An association for giving special honour to the mental sufferings of Christ during His Agony in the Garden of Gethsemani.
Hugh of Fleury - Benedictine monk and ecclesiastical writer; d. not before 1118.
Haller, Karl Ludwig von - A professor of constitutional law, b. 1 August, 1768, at h Berne, d. 21 May, 1854, at Solothurn, Switzerland.
Hooke, Luke Joseph - Born at Dublin in 1716; died at St. Cloud, Paris, catholic encyclopedia 16 April, 1796, son of Nathaniel Hooke the historian.
Hadrumetum - A titular see of Byzacena.
Hessels, Jean - A distinguished theologian of Louvain; born 1522; died catholic encyclopedia 1566.
Hauy, Valentin - Founder of the first school for the blind, and known reference under the name of "Father and Apostle of the Blind". reference (1745-1822)
Hauzeur, Mathias - A Franciscan theologian, b. at Verviers, 1589; d. h at Liège h 12 November, 1676, for many years h professor of theology.
Holy Faith, Sisters of the - Founded at Dublin, in 1857, by Margaret Aylward, catholic encyclopedia under catholic encyclopedia the direction of Rev. John Gowan, C.M., catholic encyclopedia for the catholic encyclopedia care of Catholic orphans.
Hinduism - The conglomeration of religious beliefs and practices existing h in India that have grown out of ancient h Brahminism.
Honorius IV, Pope - Born at Rome about 1210; died at Rome, 3 April, 1287.
Heraclas - Bishop of Alexandria from 231 or 232; to h 247 or reference 248.
Helena, Saint - The mother of Constantine the Great, she died catholic encyclopedia about catholic encyclopedia 330.
Haimhausen, Karl von - German missionary; b. at Munich, of a noble reference Bavarian family, catholic encyclopedia 28 May, 1692; d. in Chile, reference 7 April, 1767.
Habacuc (Habakkuk) - Article on the minor prophet of the Old h Testament, and h his book.
Haschka, Lorenz Leopold - A poet-author of the Austrian national anthem; b. h at Vienna, 1 Sept. 1749, d. there 3 h Aug., 1827, was in his youth a member h of the Society of Jesus.
Henry of Ghent - A notable scholastic philosopher and theologian of the catholic encyclopedia thirteenth catholic encyclopedia century.
Hussites - The followers of Jan Hus did not of catholic encyclopedia themselves assume the name of Hussites. Like Hus, catholic encyclopedia they believed their creed to be truly Catholic; catholic encyclopedia in papal and conciliar documents they appear as catholic encyclopedia Wycliffites, although Hus and even Jerome of Prague catholic encyclopedia are also named as the
Hunter, Sylvester Joseph - English Jesuit priest and educator; b. at Bath, 13 Sept., reference 1829; d. at Stonyhurst, 20 June, 1896.
Hypæpa - Titular see of Asia Minor.
Hegius, Alexander - Humanist; b. probably in 1433, at Heeck (Westphalia); reference d. 7 catholic encyclopedia December, 1498.
Hymnody and Hymnology - Hymnody means exactly "hymn song", but as the hymn-singer as catholic encyclopedia well as the hymn-poet are included under (hymnodos), so we catholic encyclopedia also include under hymnody the hymnal verse or religious lyric. catholic encyclopedia Hymnology is the science of hymnody or the historico-philogic
Hauy, René-Just - Mineralogist; b. at Saint-Just (Oise), 28 Feb., 1743; h d. at Paris, 3 June, 1822.
Hamburg - A city supposed to be identical with the h Marionis of reference Ptolemy, was founded by a colony h of fishermen from Lower reference Saxony.
Habit - Habit is an effect of repeated acts and an aptitude h to reproduce them, and may be defined as "a quality h difficult to change, whereby an agent whose nature it is h to work one way or another indeterminately, is disposed easily h and readily at will to fol
Hugh of Remiremont - Cardinal, born of a noble family, probably in Lorraine, died catholic encyclopedia soon after 1098.
Heinrich von Ahaus - Founder of the Brethren of the Common Life reference in Germany. (1371-1439)
Hardman, Mary Juliana - Known in religion as Sister Mary; b. 26 April, 1813; reference d. 24 March, 1884.
Humbert of Romans - Fifth Dominican master general. (1194-1277)
Hugh Green, Blessed - An English priest who had converted to Catholicism. catholic encyclopedia He was martyred in a brutal way in catholic encyclopedia 1642.
Hedonism - The name given to the group of ethical h systems that h hold, with various modifications, that feelings h of pleasure or happiness h are the highest and h final aim of conduct; that, consequently h those actions h which increase the sum of pleasure are thereby h h constitu
Hove, Peter van - Friar Minor, lector in theology and exegete; b. reference at Rethy, in Campine (Belgium); d. at Antwerp, reference in 1793.
Hungarian Catholics in America - Information about immigrants from this country.
Hermite, Charles - Mathematician, born at Dieuze, Lorraine, 24 December, 1822; h d. at reference Paris, 14 January, 1901;
Holbein, Hans - A German painter; b. at Augsburg about 1460; reference d. at Isenheim, Alsace, in 1524.
Hosanna - The general opinion is that of St. Jerome, that the catholic encyclopedia word originated from two Hebrew words of Psalm cxvii (cxviii), catholic encyclopedia 25. This psalm, was recited by one of the priests catholic encyclopedia every day during the procession round the altar, during the catholic encyclopedia Feast of Tabernacles, when the
Hosius of Cordova - The foremost Western champion of orthodoxy in the early anti-Arian struggle; born about 256; died about 358.
Hesebon - A titular see of the province of Arabia, catholic encyclopedia suffragan reference of Bostra.
Henry IV - King of France and Navarre. (1553-1610)
Heliand, The - The oldest complete work of German literature.
Henry Abbot, Blessed - A layman and convert to Catholicism, martyred at York in 1597. Explains the circumstances which led to his martyrdom.
Hontheim, Johannes Nicolaus von - An auxiliary Bishop of Trier; born at Trier, 27 January, reference 1701; died at Montquentin, near Orval, 2 Sept., 1790.
Hereford, Ancient Diocese of - Located in England.
Hasslacher, Peter - Preacher; b. at Coblenz, 14 August, 1810; d. reference at Paris, catholic encyclopedia 5 July, 1876.
Hogan, John Baptist - Better known, on account of his long sojourn reference in France, as Abbé Hogan. (1829-1901)
Harding, Thomas - Controversialist; b. at Combe Martin, Devon, 1516 d. at Louvain, catholic encyclopedia Sept., 1572.
Henderson, Issac Austin - Theologian, musician, singer, and writer. (1850-1909)
Hakodate - Comprises the six northern provinces of the island h of Nippon, reference the island of Yezo, and the h Kurile Islands, as well reference as the administration of h the southern part of the island reference of Saghalin, h which still belongs to the Diocese of Mohilev.
Hirschau, Abbey of - A celebrated Benedictine monastery in Würtemberg, Diocese of Spires.
Haberl, Francis Xavier - Music historian. (1840-1910)
Hatto - Archbishop of Mainz; b. of a noble Swabian family, c. catholic encyclopedia 850; d. 15 May, 913.
Haydn, Franz Joseph - Famous composer. (1732-1809)
Hossche, Sidron de - Poet and priest; born at Mercken, West Flanders, h in 1596; reference died at Tongres in 1653.
Heeney, Cornelius - Merchant and philanthropist; b. in King\\'s County, Ireland, 1754; d. catholic encyclopedia at Brooklyn, U.S.A., 3 May, 1848.

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