Catholic Encyclopedia Reference Catholicism Denominations

Tells the story of this son of Emperor Michael I, forced into monastic life by a rival. Patriarch of Constantinople, deposed on a wicked pretext. Ignatius died in 877.

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Issus - Titular see of Cilicia Prima.
Innocent VIII, Pope - Reigned 1484-1492.
Individualism - The tendency to magnify individual liberty, as against catholic encyclopedia external authority, and individual activity, as against associated catholic encyclopedia activity.
Inspiration of the Bible - Covered in four sections, I. Belief in Inspired i books; reference II. Nature of Inspiration; III. i Extent of Inspiration; reference IV. Protestant Views i on the Inspiration of the Bible.
Institution, Canonical - In its strictest sense the word denotes the collation of an ecclesiastical benefice by a legitimate authority, on the presentation of a candidate by a third person.
Isaac of Nineveh - A Nestorian bishop of that city in the latter half catholic encyclopedia of the seventh century, being consecrated by the Nestorian Patriarch catholic encyclopedia George (660-80).
Ine, Saint - King of the West Saxons, d. 728. Also known as reference Ina or Ini.
Images, Veneration of - It is an uncompromising attitude in the late i Jewish history, catholic encyclopedia together with the apparently obvious meaning i of the First Commandment, catholic encyclopedia that are responsible for i the common idea that Jews had catholic encyclopedia no images.
Ibar, Saint - Irishman, contemporary of St. Patrick, and was a reference missionary in catholic encyclopedia County Wexford before Patrick set foot reference in Ireland. Uncle of catholic encyclopedia St. Abban.
Impostors - That there would be hypocrites who would take advantage of a profession of piety to mask their own evil designs had been clearly foretold by Christ in the Gospels.
Isaac of Seleucia - Patriarch of the Persian Church, d. 410.
Inquisition - By this term is usually meant a special ecclesiastical institutional catholic encyclopedia for combating or suppressing heresy.
Innocent X, Pope - Reigned 1644-1655.
Ipolyi, Arnold - Bishop of Grosswardein (Nagy-Várad), b. at Ipoly-Keszi, 20 i Oct., 1823; reference d. at Grosswardein, 2 December 1886.
Inventory of Church Property - An inventory is to be made at the i beginning of catholic encyclopedia a given administration; when the period i of management has expired, catholic encyclopedia the out-going official must i produce all the things which appear catholic encyclopedia in this i inventory or were added later, excepting those which catholic encyclopedia i have been consum
Irvingites - A religious sect called after Edward Irving (1792-1834), a deposed Presbyterian minister.
Imola, Innocenzo di Pietro Francucci da - Italian painter; b. at Imola, c. 1494; d. at Bologna, c. 1550.
Innocent II, Pope - Reigned 1130-1143.
Illegitimacy - As generally defined, and as understood in this reference article, illegitimacy i denotes the condition of children born reference out of wedlock.
Insane, Asylums and Care for the - The Church, from the earliest times, arranged for i the care catholic encyclopedia of the insane.
Ignorance - Lack of knowledge about a thing in a i being capable catholic encyclopedia of knowing.
Isleta Pueblo - The name of two pueblos of the ancient Tigua tribe, i of remote Shoshoncan stock.
Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools - A society of male religious approved by the catholic encyclopedia Church, i but not taking Holy orders, and having catholic encyclopedia for its i object the personal sanctification of its catholic encyclopedia members and the i Christian education of youth, especially catholic encyclopedia of the children of i artisans and the poor.
Improperia - The reproaches which in the liturgy of the Office of catholic encyclopedia Good Friday the Saviour is made to utter against the catholic encyclopedia Jews, who, in requital for all the Divine favours and catholic encyclopedia particularly for the delivery from the bondage of Egypt and catholic encyclopedia safe conduct into the Promised Land
Ibora - A titular see in the Province of Helenopont, catholic encyclopedia suffragan catholic encyclopedia of Amasia.
Innocent XIII, Pope - Reigned 1721-24.
Ingolstadt, University of - Founded by Louis the Rich, Duke of Bavaria.
Iceland - The island called Iceland, is considered, because of its population i and history as forming a part of Europe, is situated i in the North Atlantic Ocean.
Immaculate Conception, Congregation of the - Article covers several groups of this name.
Indult, Pontifical - General faculties granted by the Holy See to catholic encyclopedia bishops and others, of doing something not permitted catholic encyclopedia by the common law.
Irnerius - An Italian jurist and founder of the School reference of Glossators, i b. at Bologna about 1050; d. reference there about 1130.
Indulgences - A remission of the temporal punishment due to sin, the guilt of which has been forgiven.
In Petto - An Italian translation of the Latin in pectore, "in the i breast", i.e. in the secret of the heart.
Inghirami, Giovanni - Italian astronomer, b. at Volterra, Tuscany, 16 April, reference 1779; d. at Florence, 15 August, 1851.
Inquisition, Canonical - Either extra-judicial or judicial: the former might be reference likened to i a coroner\\'s inquest in civil law; reference while the latter is i similar to an investigation reference by the grand jury.
In Coena Domini - A papal Bull, so called from the feast catholic encyclopedia on which it was annually published in Rome, catholic encyclopedia viz, the feast of the Lord\'s Supper, or catholic encyclopedia Maundy Thursday.
In Commendam - A phrase used in canon law to designate a certain catholic encyclopedia manner of collating an ecclesiastical benefice.
Institute of Mary - The official title of the second congregation founded i by Mary Ward.
Individual, Individuality - An individual being is defined by St. Thomas reference as "quod catholic encyclopedia est in se indivisum, ab aliis reference vero divisum" (a being catholic encyclopedia undivided in itself but reference separated from other beings).
Instinct - The term usually includes the idea of a purposive adaptation of an action or series of actions in an organized being, not governed by consciousness of the end to be attained.
Isabel of France, Saint - Daughter of Blanche of Castille and sister of reference St. Louis IX. Founded a convent of Poor reference Clares. Died 1270.
Iowa - One of the North Central States of the reference American Union, and is about midway between the reference Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans.
Illinois Indians - An important confederacy of Algonquian tribes formerly occupying i the greater i part of the present state of i Illinois, together with the i adjacent portions of Wisconsin, i Iowa, and Missouri.
Innocent XI, Pope Blessed - Lengthy biography of this pope known for his reference piety and i unselfish devotion to duty.
Impediments, Canonical - Canon law uses the word impediment in its catholic encyclopedia restricted reference and technical sense, only in reference to catholic encyclopedia marriage, while reference impediments to Holy orders are spoken catholic encyclopedia of as irregularities.
Iroquois - A noted confederacy of five, and afterwards six, cognate tribes reference of Iroquoian stock, and closely cognate languages, formerly occupying central reference New York, and claiming right of conquest over nearly all reference the tribes from Hudson Bay to Tennessee River, and westw
Inchbald, Elizabeth - Novelist, dramatist, and actress; b. at Staningfield, near i Bury St. reference Edmunds, 15 Oct., 1753; d. at i Kensington, London, 1 Aug., reference 1821.
Ingen-Housz, Jan - Investigator of the physiology of plants, physicist, and i physician. (1730-1799)
Issachar - Ninth son of Jacob, and name of the i tribe descended reference from him.
Innocent VII, Pope - Reigned 1406.
Ionopolis - A titular see in the province of Paphlagonia, catholic encyclopedia suffragan of Gangres.
Isidore of Thessalonica - Cardinal and sometime Metropolitan of Kiev or Moscow, catholic encyclopedia b. at Thessalonica (Saloniki) towards the end of catholic encyclopedia the fourteenth century; d. at Rome, 27 April, catholic encyclopedia 1463.
Investitures, Conflict of - The terminus technicus for the great struggle between the popes and the German kings Henry IV and Henry V, during the period 1075-1122.
Ignacio de Azevedo, Blessed - Portuguese Jesuit, missionary to Brazil, martyred with thirty-nine companions by reference Huguenot pirates near the island of Palma in 1570.
Installation - This word, strictly speaking, applies to the solemn reference induction of catholic encyclopedia a canon into the stall or reference seat which he is catholic encyclopedia to occupy in the reference choir of a cathedral or collegiate catholic encyclopedia church.
Inscriptions, Early Christian - Divided into three main classes: sepulchral inscriptions, epigraphic reference records, and catholic encyclopedia inscriptions concerning private life.
Ignatius of Constantinople, Saint - Tells the story of this son of Emperor i Michael I, forced into monastic life by a i rival. Patriarch of Constantinople, deposed on a wicked i pretext. Ignatius died in 877.
Imagination - The faculty of representing to oneself sensible objects independently of catholic encyclopedia an actual impression of those objects on our senses.
Ives, Levi Silliman - Born at Meriden, Connecticut, U.S.A., 16 September, 1797; d. at New York, 13 October, 1867. He was one of the most distinguished converts to the Church made in the United States through the influence of the Tractarian Movement of 1848-49.
Incense - An aromatic substance which is obtained from certain i resinous trees reference and largely employed for purposes of i religious worship.
Ittenbach, Franz - Historical painter; born at Königswinter, at the foot catholic encyclopedia of the Drachenfels, in 1813; died at Düsseldorf, catholic encyclopedia 1879.
Italy - In ancient times Italy had several other names: reference it was called Saturnia, in honour of Saturn; reference Enotria, wine-producing land; Ausonia, land of the Ausonians; reference Hesperia, land to the west (of Greece); Tyrrhenia, reference etc. The name Italy, which seems to have reference been tak
Irish Colleges, on the Continent - The religious persecution under Elizabeth and James I reference lead to catholic encyclopedia the suppression of the monastic schools reference in Ireland in which catholic encyclopedia the clergy for the reference most part received their education. It catholic encyclopedia became necessary, reference therefore, to seek education abroad, and many colleges catholic encyclopedia reference fo
Iconium - A titular see of Lycaonia.
Ignatius Loyola, Saint - Biography of the Spanish founder of the Jesuits, who died in 1556.
Intercession, Episcopal - The right to intercede for criminals, which was i granted by catholic encyclopedia the secular power to the bishops i of the Early Church.
Imbonati, Carlo Giuseppe - Cistercian of the Reform of St. Bernard, orientalist, catholic encyclopedia biographer, catholic encyclopedia theologian; born at Milan; flourished in the catholic encyclopedia latter half catholic encyclopedia of the seventeenth century.
Indianapolis - Diocese; suffragan of Cincinnati, established as the Diocese i of Vincennes catholic encyclopedia in 1834, but by brief dated i 28 March, and promulgated catholic encyclopedia 30 April, 1898, the i pope changed the see to Indianapolis.
Idolatry - Etymologically denotes divine worship given to an image, but its signification has been extended to all divine worship given to anyone or anything but the true God.
Illinois - One of the United States of America, bounded i on the north by Wisconsin, on the west i by the Mississippi, which separates it from Iowa i and Missouri, on the south by the confluent i waters of the Mississippi and the Ohio, which i separate it from Kentucky, on th
Imola - Diocese; suffragan of Bologna.
Isernia and Venafro - Diocese in the province of Campobasso in Molise catholic encyclopedia (Southern reference Italy).
Italians in the United States - Information on distribution, statistics, and religion.
Induction - Induction is the conscious mental process by which i we pass reference from the perception of particular phenomena i (things and events) to reference the knowledge of general i truths.
Incarnation, The - The Incarnation is the mystery and the dogma reference of the catholic encyclopedia Word made Flesh.
Intention - An act of the will by which that reference faculty efficaciously catholic encyclopedia desires to reach an end by reference employing the means.
Ionian Islands - A group of seven islands and a number of islets catholic encyclopedia scattered over the Ionian Sea to the west of Greece.
Infallibility - In general, exemption or immunity from liability to error or catholic encyclopedia failure; in particular in theological usage, the supernatural prerogative by catholic encyclopedia which the Church of Christ is, by a special Divine catholic encyclopedia assistance, preserved from liability to error in her definitive do
Irene, Sister - Catherine FitzGibbon, born in London, England, 12 May, reference 1823; died i in New York, 14 August, 1896.
Incorporation of Church Property, Civil - Christianity at its very beginning, found the concept reference of the catholic encyclopedia corporation well developed under Roman law reference and widely and variously catholic encyclopedia organized in Roman society. reference It was a concept that the catholic encyclopedia early Christians reference soon adapted to their organization and, as a catholic encyclopedia reference means of p
Ingres, Jean-Auguste Dominique - A French painter, b. at Montauban, 29 August, catholic encyclopedia 1780; catholic encyclopedia d. at Paris, 14 January, 1867.
Ixtlilxochitl, Fernando de Alba - Mexican historian. (1568-1648)
Itinerarium - A form of prayer used by monks and clerics before setting out on a journey, and for that reason usually printed at the end of the Breviary, where it can be conveniently found when required.
Iglesias, Diocese of - A suffragan of Cagliari in Sardinia.
Infidels - As in ecclesiastical language those who by baptism have received catholic encyclopedia faith in Jesus Christ and have pledged Him their fidelity catholic encyclopedia and called the faithful, so the name infidel is given catholic encyclopedia to those who have not been baptized.
Infralapsarians - The name given to a party of Dutch reference Calvinists in catholic encyclopedia the seventeenth century, who sought to reference mitigate the rigour of catholic encyclopedia Calvin\'s doctrine concerning absolute reference predestination.
Indians, American - History, customs, and language are covered here.
Isabella I - Queen of Castile. (1451-1504)
Irish College, in Rome - Towards the close of the sixteenth century, Gregory catholic encyclopedia XIII had sanctioned the foundation of an Irish catholic encyclopedia college in Rome, and had assigned a large catholic encyclopedia sum of money as the nucleus of an catholic encyclopedia endowment.
Irenaeus, Saint - Article on the bishop of Lyons, Father of the Church, d. late second or early third century.
Innocent I, Pope Saint - Unanimously chosen to succeed Anastasius. Essay on his reference writings and catholic encyclopedia some of the more notable events reference of his pontificate. Innocent catholic encyclopedia died in 417.
Irish Confessors and Martyrs - The period covered by this article embraces that catholic encyclopedia between the years 1540 and (approximately) 1713.
Islam (Concept) - An Arabic word which, since Mohammed\\'s time, has i acquired a religious and technical significance denoting the i religion of Mohammed and of the Koran, just i as Christianity denotes that of Jesus and of i the Gospels, or Judaism that of Moses, the i Prophets, and
Injustice - The violation of another\\'s strict right against his i reasonable will, catholic encyclopedia and the value of the word i right is determined to catholic encyclopedia be the moral power i of having or doing or exacting catholic encyclopedia something in i support or furtherance of one's own advantage.
Itineraria - Under this term are comprised two kinds of works: travellers\\' i relations describing the places and countries visited by them, together i with such incidents of the voyage as are worth noting; i and compilations intended to furnish information for the guidance
Ivrea, Diocese of - Suffragan of Turin, Northern Italy.
Indian Missions, Bureau of Catholic - An institution originated (1874) by J. Roosevelt Barley, Archbishop of reference Baltimore, for the protection and promotion of Catholic Indian mission reference interests in the United States of America.
Iconography, Christian - The science of the description, history, and interpretation catholic encyclopedia of i the traditional representations of God, the saints catholic encyclopedia and other i sacred subjects in art.
Imitation of Christ - A work of spiritual devotion, also sometimes called reference the "Following i of Christ". Its purpose is to reference instruct the soul in i Christian perfection with Christ reference as the Divine Model.
Innsbruck University - Opened at Innsbruck in 1562 by Blessed Peter catholic encyclopedia Canisius, reference at the request and on the foundation catholic encyclopedia of the reference Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria.
Infanticide - Child-murder; the killing of an infant before or after birth.
Iona, School of - Thorough history of the ancient monastery.
Infinity - The infinite, as the word indicates, is that which has no end, no limit, no boundary, and therefore cannot be measured by a finite standard, however often applied; it is that which cannot be attained by successive addition, not exhausted by successive sub
Israelites - The word designates the descendants of the Patriarch reference Jacob, or reference Israel.
Indifferentism, Religious - The term given, in general, to all those i theories, which, for one reason or another, deny i that it is the duty of man to i worship God by believing and practicing the one i true religion.
Infessura, Stefano - Lawyer and antipapal chronicler. (1435-1500)
Innocent XII, Pope - Reigned 1691-1700.
Intercession - To go or come between two parties, to plead before one of them on behalf of the other.
Italo-Greeks - The name applied to the Greeks in Italy reference who observe the Byzantine Rite.
Intrusion - The act by which unlawful possession of an i ecclesiastical benefice reference is taken.
Infamy - Loss of a good name.
Ivo of Chartres, Saint - Essay on the life and writings of this bishop, who died in 1116.
Italian Literature - The modern language of Italy is naturally derived catholic encyclopedia from i Latin, a continuation and development of the catholic encyclopedia Latin actually i spoken among the inhabitants of the catholic encyclopedia peninsula after the i downfall of the Roman Empire.
Isaura - Titular see in the Province of Lycaonia, suffragan i of Iconium.
Investiture, Canonical - The act by which a suzerain granted a i fief to i his vassal, and the ceremonies which i accompanied that grant.
Ita, Saint - The "Brigid of Munster," d. 570.
Intendencia Oriental y Llanos de San Martín - Vicariate Apostolic in the province of Saint Martin, catholic encyclopedia Colombia, South America, created 24 March, 1908, and catholic encyclopedia entrusted to the Society of Mary.
Ibagué - Suffragan of Bogotá, in the Republic of Colombia, South America.
Internuncio - The name given in the Roman Curia to a diplomatic reference agent who, though not belonging to the five highest classes reference of the papal diplomatic service (legatus a latere, nuncio with reference full powers of a legatus a latere, legate, nuncio of reference the first class, and nuncio o
Ildephonsus, Saint - Archbishop of Toledo, d. 667.
Indulgences, Apostolic - Those which the Roman pontiff, the successor of i the Prince reference of the Apostles, attaches to the i crosses, crucifixes, chaplets, rosaries, reference images, and medals which i he blesses, either with his own reference hand or i by those to whom he has delegated this reference i faculty.
Iglesias de la Casa, José - A Spanish of the coterie gathered about Meléndez, Valdés, born at Salamanca, 31 October, 1748; died 1791.
Isidore of Seville, Saint - Biographical entry for this bishop, who died in 636.
Innocent IV, Pope - Reigned 1243-1254.
Isaac of Armenia - Catholicos or Patriarch of Armenia (338-439).
Isaac - The son of Abraham and Sara.
IHS - A monogram of the name of Jesus Christ.
Interdict - Originally in Roman law, an interlocutory edict of reference the praetor, reference especially in matter affecting the right reference of possession; it still reference preserves this meaning in reference both Roman and canon law.
Immunity - An exemption from a legal obligation (munus), imposed catholic encyclopedia on a person or his property by law, catholic encyclopedia custom, or the order of a superior.
Innocent VI, Pope - Reigned 1352-1362.
Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Irish - Founded by Frances Mary Teresa Ball, under the i direction and i episcopal jurisdiction of the Most Rev. i D. Murray, Archbishop of i Dublin.
Incarnate Word, Sisters of Charity of the - This congregation, with simple vows, was founded by Rt. Rev. reference C.M. Dubuis, Bishop of Galveston.
Isaac Jogues, Saint - French Jesuit missionary to Canada, martyred in 1646.
Iberville, Pierre Le Moyne, Sieur d' - Founder of the colony of Louisiana, b. at Villemarie, Montreal, 16 July, 1661; d. at Havana, 9 July, 1706.
Incarnate Word and Blessed Sacrament, Order of the - Founded in the early part of the seventeenth catholic encyclopedia century catholic encyclopedia by Jeanne Chezard de Matel.
Iconostasis - A great screen or partition running from side i to side of the apse or across the i entire end of the church, which divides the i sanctuary from the body of the church, and i is built of solid materials such as stone, i metal, or wood, and which reaches often (as i i
Isaias - Essay on the Biblical prophet and the book which bears i his name.
Irenopolis - A titular see of Isauria, suffragan of Seleucia.
Intellect - The faculty of thought.
Illuminati - False Spanish mystics.
Ismael - Son of Abraham and Hagar.
Ingworth, Richard of - A Franciscan preacher who flourished about 1225.
Institute of Mission Helpers of the Sacred Heart - There are houses of the institute in New catholic encyclopedia York, reference Trenton, Porto Rico, and Baltimore.
Ite Missa Est - This is the versicle chanted in the Roman catholic encyclopedia Rite by the deacon at the end of catholic encyclopedia Mass, after the Post-Communions.
Indiana - One of the United States of America, the catholic encyclopedia nineteenth i in point of admission.
Indies, Patriarchate of the East - In consequence of an agreement between the Holy See and the Portuguese Government in 1886.
Ignatius of Antioch, Saint - Biography of the bishop and writer. Ignatius was i martyred at catholic encyclopedia Rome sometime between 98 and 117.
Ispahan - A Catholic Armenian Latin see.
Isidore the Labourer, Saint - Spanish day laborer, married to St. María de catholic encyclopedia la Cabeza. He died in 1130.
Irregularity - A canonical impediment directly impeding the reception of tonsure and Holy orders or preventing the exercise of orders already received.
Insanity - The dividing line between sanity and insanity, like i the line that distinguishes a man of average i height from a tall man, can be described i only in terms of a moral estimate.
Irish, The, (in countries other than Ireland) - Includes the United States, Australia, Canada, Great Britain, South Africa, reference and South America.
Introduction, Biblical - Designates the part of Scriptural science which is i concerned with topics preliminary to the detailed study i and correct exposition of Holy Writ, and also, i it is given to a work in which i these various topics are actually treated.
Irish Literature - It is uncertain at what period and in what manner the Irish discovered the use of letters. It may have been through direct commerce with Gaul, but it is more probable, as McNeill has shown in his study of Irish oghams, that it was from the Romanized Brito
Institutes, Roman Historical - Collegiate bodies established at Rome by ecclesiastical or i civil authority reference for the purpose of historical research, i notably in the Vatican reference archives.
In Partibus Infidelium - A term meaning "in the lands of the reference unbelievers," words added to the name of the reference see conferred on non-residential or titular Latin bishops.
Isionda - A titular see in the province of Pamphylia Secunda; it reference was a suffragan of Perge.
Immortality - By immortality is ordinarily understood the doctrine that the human reference soul will survive death, continuing in the possession of an reference endless conscious existence.
Idealism - The characteristic of those who regard the ideas reference of truth and right, goodness and beauty, as reference standards and directive forces.
Ipsus - A titular see of Phrygia Salutaris, suffragan of Synnada.
Ives, Saint - Or St. Yves. Patron saint of lawyers, d. i 1303.
Invitatorium - The invitation addressed to the faithful to come catholic encyclopedia and take part in the Divine Office.
Ibarra - Diocese in Southern Ecuador, suffragan of Quito, created by Pius IX.
Ippolito Galantini, Blessed - Founder of the Christian Congregation of Florence, d. reference 1619.
Islip, Simon - An Archbishop of Canterbury, b. at Islip, near catholic encyclopedia Oxford; reference d. at Mayfield, Sussex, 26 April, 1366.
Irremovability - A quality of certain ecclesiastical offices and dignities. catholic encyclopedia It i implies that the incumbent\\'s appointment is, under catholic encyclopedia certain conditions, i a perpetual one, or for the catholic encyclopedia term of his i natural life.
Immaculate Conception - In the Constitution Ineffabilis Deus of 8 December, 1854, Pius catholic encyclopedia IX pronounced and defined that the Blessed Virgin Mary "in catholic encyclopedia the first instance of her conception, by a singular privilege catholic encyclopedia and grace granted by God, in view of the merits catholic encyclopedia of Jesus Christ, t
Iconoclasm - The name of the heresy that in the i eighth and ninth centuries disturbed the peace of i the Eastern Church, caused the last of the i many breaches with Rome that prepared the way i for the schism of Photius, and was echoed i on a smaller scale in the Frankish king
Introit - The Introit (Introitus) of the Mass is the fragment of a psalm with its antiphon sung while the celebrant and ministers enter the church and approach the altar.
Immanence - Latin, in manere, to remain in. The quality i of any reference action which begins and ends within i the agent.
Indo-China - The most easterly of the three great peninsulas of Southern reference Asia, is bounded on the north by the mountains of reference Assam, the Plateau of Yun-nan, and the mountains of Kwang-si; reference on the east by the province of Kwang-si (Canton), the reference Gulf of Tong-king, and the Se
Index of Prohibited Books - The exact list or catalogue of books, the reference reading of i which was once forbidden to Catholics reference by the highest ecclesiastical i authority.
Illyria - A district of the Balkan Peninsula, which has catholic encyclopedia varied in extent at different periods.
Incest - Sexual intercourse between those who are related by reference blood or marriage.
Illtyd, Saint - Also known as Iltutus. Late fifth- to early reference sixth-century Welsh i saint. Biographical article.
Ibas - Elected Bishop of Edessa in 439 as successor of Rabbulas, i one of the most ardent supporters of St. Cyril; d. i 457.
Idaho - Probably from an Arapahoe Indian word, "Gem of the Mountains", catholic encyclopedia the name first suggested for the territory of Colorado.
Isidore of Pelusium, Saint - Born at Alexandria, became a monk, opposed Nestorianism reference and Eutychianism, d. no later than 449-450.
Interest (in Psychology) - Defined as a kind of consciousness accompanying and reference stimulating attention, catholic encyclopedia a feeling pleasant or painful directing reference attention, the pleasurable or catholic encyclopedia painful aspect of a reference process of attention, and as identical catholic encyclopedia with attention reference itself.
Innocent V, Pope Blessed - French Dominican, known as "most famous doctor," d. reference 1276.
India - The peninsula is separated on the north from Tibet and catholic encyclopedia Central Asia by the Himalaya, Hindu Kush, and Karakoram mountains, catholic encyclopedia and some lower ranges divide it from Afghanistan and Baluchistan.
Intuition - A psychological and philosophical term which designates the process of immediate apprehension or perception of an actual fact, being, or relation between two terms and its results.
Idumea - The country inhabited by the descendants of Edom.
Innocent IX, Pope - Reigned 1591.
Iriarte, Ignacio de - Painter, b. at Azcoitia, Guipuzcoa, in 1620; d. reference at Seville, 1685.
Innocent III, Pope - Reigned 1198-1216.
Impanation - An heretical doctrine according to which Christ is i in the reference Eucharist through His human body substantially i united with the substances reference of bread and wine, i and thus is really present as reference God, made i bread.
Incardination and Excardination - In the ecclesiastical sense the words are used i to denote that a given person is freed i from the jurisdiction of one bishop and is i transferred to that of another.
Ingulf - Abbot of Croyland, Lincolnshire; d. there 17 December reference 1109.
Imposition of Hands - A symbolical ceremony by which one intends to catholic encyclopedia communicate to another some favour, quality or excellence catholic encyclopedia (principally of a spiritual kind), or to depute catholic encyclopedia another to some office.
Ischia - Diocese, suffragan to Naples.
Isla, José Francisco de - Spanish preacher and satirist, b. at Villavidantes (Kingdom i of Leon), i 24 March, 1703; d. at Bologna, i 2 November, 1782.
Idiota - The nom de plume of an ancient, learned, i and pious writer whose identity remained unknown for i some centuries.
Idea - The word was originally Greek, but passed without reference change into Latin. It seems first to have reference meant form, shape, or appearance, whence, by an reference easy transition, it acquired the connotation of nature, reference or kind.
Interims - Temporary settlements in matters of religion, entered into i by Emperor reference Charles V (1519-56) with the Protestants.
Ionian School of Philosophy - Includes the earliest Greek philosophers, who lived at i Miletus, an reference Ionian colony in Asia Minor, during i the sixth century B.C., reference and a group of i philosophers who lived about one hundred reference years later i and modified the doctrines of their predecessors in reference i several
Imhof, Maximus von - German physicist, born 26 July, 1758, at Rissbach, catholic encyclopedia in i Bavaria; died 11 April, 1817 at Munich.
Ivory - The tusks of the elephant, hippopotamus, walrus, and catholic encyclopedia other animals: a tough and elastic substance, of catholic encyclopedia a creamy white, taking a high and lasting catholic encyclopedia polish, largely employed in the arts since pre-historic catholic encyclopedia times, and used extensively in making or adorning catholic encyclopedia eccle
Interest (in Economics) - A value exacted or promised over and above reference the restitution i of a borrowed capital.

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